P 766 - Technology and safety gains in hot-dip galvanising to expand the market position of galvanised steel construction

P 767 - Residential and commercial buildings in modular construction - Design aids "Planning and building in existing buildings" is one of the fields of activity of the future. Urban remodelling in particular will be a central task in the coming years, as the ageing and declining population in the Federal Republic of Germany will be accompanied by changes in demand and supply in all areas of life. This will also have far-reaching consequences for urban development and represent an unprecedented challenge for urban planning. Concepts must be found that allow the revitalisation and reorganisation of city centres as essential places of social life to be realised on the basis of forward-looking ideas. In the meantime, there is a growing movement back into the city centre. Constantly rising mobility costs and the progressive thinning out of technical and social infrastructure in rural areas are heralding a paradigm shift. However, city centres are often not prepared for the complex requirements and needs of potential residents. In most German cities, the development of city centre areas requires new approaches to the use of existing properties. In many places, especially in small and medium-sized towns, attractive and interesting sites are no longer being built on because the given boundary conditions, such as accessibility, neighbourhood situation, monument preservation requirements, etc., can hardly be met cost-effectively using standard planning and construction methods. In the administration of small and medium-sized towns, the view is still widespread that the old town centres should be restored to the way they looked 200 years ago. However, the reality is quite different. The potential new or re-inhabitants of these neighbourhoods demand parking spaces close to their homes, light, air and a zoned open space concept. Private open spaces, semi-public areas and even public playgrounds and recreational areas need to be created. Traffic and technical infrastructure require optimisation. The existing potential of social and open space structures, such as childcare, art, culture, healthcare, commerce, sport, etc., must be upgraded. Developing city centre areas means first and foremost building in a problem-adapted way. This requires a holistic view of the location with its specific conditions, structural, design and construction possibilities and sustainable utilisation. The future belongs to flexible system construction methods, which have an industrial basic structure and, based on constructive basic systems, are able to be used very individually without giving up the advantages of a reusable, tried and tested concept. Years ago, the use of standardised constructions was still being considered, but today we know that, particularly in the field of inner-city construction, true standardisation is not practical or technically possible due to the diversity of situations and user requirements. This research report is to be seen as a design catalogue that demonstrates a holistic and consistent planning system for high-quality, sustainable buildings in inner-city areas with complicated boundary conditions. The quality of the product "house = building" includes the design value, taking into account the existing buildings, the utility value as an inner-city property and the sustainability of the building with the use of sustainable, energy-saving equipment. The focus of the design aid is less on the development of innovative individual aspects and more on the interaction of different requirements from the disciplines of design, construction and technology, i.e. the integrative development of architecture, supporting structure, building technology and building climate control. Professionals will find a planning aid for the rational and planning-safe development of sustainable residential and commercial buildings - interested building owners can find out how their design wishes can be flexibly realised. The IGF project 15446 BR of FOSTA was carried out at the Institute of Structural Engineering (Chair of Steel Construction), at the Faculty of Architecture (Chair of Building Technology and Chair of Building Climatology) and funded by the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology via the AiF as part of the programme for the promotion of joint industrial research and development (IGF) on the basis of a resolution of the German Bundestag

P 764 - EUROBUILD in Steel Current developments in commercial construction The aim of this European research project "EUROBUILD in Steel" is to improve the level of information on the use of steel in building construction and thus to promote its increased use. To this end, both European and national construction methods were presented and analysed, particularly in the areas of office and administrative buildings and industrial construction. Furthermore, realised projects were selected that represent exemplary use of steel in the construction industry. The results of the research project were presented at the event "Presentation of new results from steel application research in the construction industry - current developments in commercial construction" on 27 November 2008 in Dortmund. This research report contains the "best practice documents" produced as part of the project for the areas of office and administrative construction and industrial construction. These documents illustrate the state of the art in Europe and are intended to serve as guidelines for architects and structural engineers. The most suitable and economical systems for certain building types are highlighted. Architects and engineers who are less familiar with steel and steel composite structures should be given a quick introduction to the use of steel in construction. The documents are organised as follows: Firstly, the most important design parameters are defined, taking into account special requirements from building utilisation as well as architectural aspects. This is followed by a discussion of design aspects, including both the main structure and the secondary components, the building envelope and the connecting elements. National specialities are then presented. In this way, for example, special systems that are currently only available nationally can also be publicised in other European countries. To illustrate the previously described constructions and design principles in realisation, a selection of case studies is presented in the final section. section presents a selection of case studies. These cover a range of designs and locations across Europe. This report is also available in English. Authors: M. Haller, N. Popa, M. Barendsz, P. Beguin, G. Nüsse, S. M. Iglesias, J. A. Chica, B. Åstedt, M. Lawson, N. Baddoo, D. Ungermann, J. Kalameya, I. Strohmann Publication: 2008

P 768 - Qualitative analysis of different methods for determining springback Sheet metal materials exhibit an individual springback behaviour after the forming process. This springback behaviour has a direct influence on the dimensional accuracy of deep-drawn parts. The springback of load-bearing body parts is particularly critical, as it has a greater influence on the accuracy of the entire assembly than large outer body parts, which can adapt to the structure within certain limits. High-strength and ultra-high-strength steels in particular tend to have a very pronounced springback due to their high yield strength Rp0.2. Different methods exist for determining the springback tendency in order to qualitatively differentiate the behaviour of different sheet metal materials. It should be noted that no measurement method is currently recommended as an international standard. One method widely used in practice to determine the springback tendency is to look at geometric shape deviations on hat profiles. Here, the deep-drawn component springs open after removal from the mould, as stresses are released in the material. The geometric shape deviation of the flange and frame of the deep-drawn part from the nominal contour is quantified by determining the tangent. In the second method, a hat profile is cut out of a deep-drawn rectangular mould. The springback is thus quantified using the original contour. Another method involves cutting a segment free in a radial direction to determine the springback tendency on a round cup. In all the methods presented, the springback tendency of the material is determined by comparing the actual and target contours of the respective component. The springback tendency was determined in this research project using the example of these three different methods with two materials as a quantitative comparison. The sheet materials HC340LA and HDT580X with a sheet thickness of s0 = 1.0 mm were selected for this purpose. The results obtained were then compared and contrasted. Authors: B. A. Berhrens, K. Voges-Schwieger Publication: 2009

P 769 - Detachable adhesive brackets for orthodontic tooth bonding - "PRODENT" The aim of this research project by the Kaiserslautern Materials and Surface Technology Working Group (AWOK) and INNOVENT Technologieentwicklung e.V. in Jena was to provide a new method for the tooth-friendly removal of adhesive brackets. The pliers commonly used today should no longer be used to exert forces on the bonded composite but to stretch a metal substrate in order to loosen the adhesive bond in the polymer-substrate interface. This necessitated a systematic investigation of the interactive effect of metal surface pretreatment and adhesive as well as the determination of the elongation values required for loosening. As part of the research project, test specimens were developed that enabled an experimental investigation of the residual strength as a function of the plastic strain previously introduced into the bonded part. The reduction in bond strength with increasing elongation of the bonded part was demonstrated using metal-to-metal and metal-to-tooth bonds, whereby adhesives, substrates and pre-treatment procedures commonly used in orthodontic dental bonding were used. In addition, an elongation value was identified that enables the bonded joint to be released without damaging the teeth for all adhesive systems analysed. This elongation value was used as the basis for the subsequent design of a functional model. The solution principle was implemented constructively in the form of a newly developed functional sample. After manufacturing the functional model in small quantities, orthodontic testing was carried out with the result that significantly less force was required for removal compared to conventional adhesive brackets. In addition to the intended reduced risk of enamel damage, this results in a more comfortable treatment procedure for the patient and orthodontist. Publication: 2010 Authors: Prof Geiß