P 753 - Development of a modular building system in lightweight steel construction

P 751 - Determination of the load-bearing capacity of welded T-joints made of cold-formed hollow sections with triangular cross-sections This research project investigates the load-bearing behaviour of T-nodes with chords made of triangular hollow sections and struts made of rectangular (RHP) and triangular hollow sections. In addition to the node load-bearing capacity, architectural and economic aspects are also considered. Triangular Hollow Sections (THS) are newly developed cross-sections for which findings on load-bearing behaviour could previously only be based on so-called "Bird Beak" and "Diamond Bird Beak" nodes. Although these have a geometric similarity, the chord profile is not a triangular, but a square hollow profile rotated by 45° around the longitudinal axis. The experimental, numerical and analytical investigations for the new THS T-nodes are defined on the basis of experimental and numerical investigations carried out in the 1990s on these node shapes and on the basis of the procedure that led to the design regulations of DIN EN 1993-1-8 for T-nodes made of rectangular hollow sections. A numerical model for THS T-nodes is developed for the parameter studies and validated by means of preliminary tests and experimental investigations of hollow section nodes made of RHP. A parameter study is then carried out based on this model. The numerical investigations are used to determine the maximum node resistances on the one hand and node resistances based on a deformation criterion on the other. The generally recognised deformation criterion for hollow section nodes, which limits the node resistance at a maximum indentation of 3% of the belt width b0 or diameter d0, is not applicable to T-nodes made of THS belts. Therefore, the numerical results are additionally analysed for a reasonable deformation criterion and finally a maximum indentation of 1% of the belt profile width b0 is proposed as a deformation criterion. Two analytical models are given for T-nodes with THS chords and RHP struts. For struts with flanges parallel to the longitudinal axis of the chord, the nodal resistance is determined using a yield line model. For nodes with struts rotated by 45° around the longitudinal axis of the strut, the nodal resistance is determined on the basis of a model of the effective width, which is also used in DIN EN 1993-1-8. In addition, the numerically and analytically determined nodal resistances are compared. In addition to the numerical and analytical investigations, experimental investigations are also carried out. These are analysed with regard to the node resistance, the deformations and the observed failure modes. Hall structures with two different trusses and a Vierendeel system are analysed in detail in order to investigate the aesthetic and economic aspects of structures made of triangular hollow section cross-sections. The design is carried out for cross-sections made of structural steel S355 as well as a higher-strength steel S460. On the basis of these measurements, the economic efficiency is evaluated using the three cost categories of material consumption, welding and cutting work. It is shown that the use of THS profiles can bring economic advantages. The IGF project 15379 N of the Forschungsvereinigung Stahlanwendung e.V., Düsseldorf, was funded by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy via the AiF as part of the programme for the promotion of joint industrial research (IGF) on the basis of a resolution of the German Bundestag. The project was carried out at the Technical University of Dortmund by the Chair of Steel Construction, at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Research Centre for Steel, Wood and Stone and at the Technical University of Dortmund by the Chair of Design and Industrial Construction. Authors: D. Ungermann, B. Brune, P. Dissel, S. Herion, O. Fleischer, W.A. Noebel, O. Schmidt Publication: 2014

P 757 - Lightweight steel composite - Construction method Development, optimisation and economic use in the construction industry Composite steel constructions can be used in the construction industry in a technically and economically sensible way. Innovative solutions contribute to gaining further market share in the area of storey and bridge construction. Optimisation and further development of this construction method is therefore expedient. As part of the research project, lightweight steel composite modules for floor slabs made of (ultra-) high-strength materials have been developed, which can bridge very large spans without the need for supports while having a low overall height. The use of (ultra) high-strength materials requires an extremely strong composite joint. Classic headed dowels are only suitable for this task to a limited extent, so puzzle strips were used as an innovative bonding method. The design of the steel beams as honeycomb beams proved to be particularly efficient. The puzzle strip can already be cut into the web plate when the honeycomb girders are cut to size, eliminating the need for further work steps to realise the composite reinforcement. In addition, the web plate openings can be used very efficiently for laying the technical building equipment, which saves construction height. The load-bearing and deformation behaviour of the composite joint was analysed in extensive experimental investigations and the applicability of the design models available in the literature was checked. It was shown that the design model developed for applications with larger component dimensions reproduces the load-bearing capacity of the composite joint in good agreement. The dynamic properties and the load-bearing and deformation behaviour of the lightweight steel composite modules were investigated in numerical calculations and a design concept for the verification was developed. The results of the FE analyses were also verified in large-scale component tests. The investigations have shown that the use of rolled profiles made of S355 and S460 leads to economical constructions. In profitability analyses based on manufacturing and assembly costs, the lightweight steel composite modules were compared with conventional in-situ concrete solutions on a reference building. The high material costs for the ultra high-strength concrete are the main price-determining factor for the lightweight steel composite elements. Potential savings were identified and conceptual proposals for a further increase in efficiency and cost-effectiveness were presented. The research project was carried out by the Chair of Steel Construction at the Technical University of Dortmund with technical support and financial assistance from the Forschungsvereinigung Stahlanwendung e. V., Düsseldorf, with funds from the Stiftung Stahlanwendungsforschung, Essen. Authors: G. Seidl, M. Stambuk, D. Ungermann, S. Schneider Publication: 2014